English

  • Critical Threat: A new report by environmental think-tank Rimbawatch indicates that 97% of Malaysia's Marine Protected Areas (MPAs) are at risk due to existing and planned oil and gas (O&G) projects.
  • Ecosystem Impact: O&G activities, including drilling and infrastructure development, overlap with 40% of Malaysia's mapped shallow coral reefs and threaten 180+ endangered species.
  • Specific Case Studies:
    • Luconia Shoals National Park: Heavily encroached upon by 31 wells, 5 pipelines, and 7 platforms containing 14.3 trillion cubic feet of gas reserves.
    • Tun Mustapha Marine Park: Half of this 900,000-hectare park is at risk, threatening 45,000 hectares of coral reefs and 17,000 hectares of mangroves.
  • Environmental Hazards: Risks include seismic blasting, oil spills (161 incidents recorded between Jan 2023 and Dec 2025), and heavy vessel traffic.
  • Governance Gap: Only 5.3% of Malaysian waters are currently protected, despite 38.5% being identified as sensitive environments; existing laws like the National Parks Act 1980 lack specific exclusion zones for O&G activities.

中文 (Chinese)

  • 严峻威胁： 环境智库 Rimbawatch 的最新报告显示，马来西亚 97% 的海洋保护区 (MPA) 因现有及计划中的石油和天然气项目而面临灭绝风险。
  • 生态影响： 油气勘探和基础设施建设与马来西亚 40% 的浅水珊瑚礁重叠，威胁到 180 多种濒危物种。
  • 案例分析：
    • 卢康尼亚浅滩国家公园 (Luconia Shoals)： 遭到 31 口油井、5 条管道和 7 个平台的侵入，涉及 14.3 万亿立方英尺的天然气储量。
    • 敦慕斯达法海洋公园 (Tun Mustapha Marine Park)： 该公园一半的面积（约 45 万公顷）面临风险，包括 4.5 万公顷珊瑚礁和 1.7 万公顷红树林。
  • 环境危害： 主要风险包括地震波勘探、石油泄漏（2023 年 1 月至 2025 年 12 月记录了 161 起溢油事件）以及繁忙的船舶交通。
  • 治理缺失： 尽管马来西亚 38.5% 的海域属于敏感生态区，但目前仅有 5.3% 得到保护；现行法律（如 1980 年国家公园法）缺乏针对油气活动的明确禁区规定。